Instructions for recovering data from an SSD drive. Recovering an SSD disk: step-by-step instructions, tips

Roman is the author of articles in the magazine "Iron", periodically published on Overclockers.ru, and also works as an engineer for information recovery systems in a domestic company, whose products are used, including by the largest Western companies. Let's find out what it's like to recover data from an SSD.

Roman, as I understand it, your company directly produces software and hardware systems that help diagnose and restore information from hard drives or Flash storage systems, such as memory cards, flash drives and SSDs?

Yes, Anton, that's right. The company is called ACE Laboratory and this year it celebrated its 20th anniversary, which is a very significant milestone for a Russian company. Are there many IT companies from the early 90s that continue to actively develop 20 years after their opening? I don't hear about these very often :)

Initially, ACE Lab was founded by people from the Taganrog Radio Technical Institute and people from the Rostov Research Institute of Top. In the late 80s, at this research institute, the development of Soviet hard drives was carried out. For the most part, these were Seagate clones with a capacity of 5-20 MB (the most capacious foreign models of that time barely exceeded 60 MB), but nevertheless, everything was assembled from the domestic element base, Soviet electronics were used and Soviet engineers worked. Now it is difficult to imagine that once upon a time, in our country, completely domestic components were produced not only for military needs, but also for home use, in particular, for personal computers. In the early 90s, when the collapse of state enterprises began along with the collapse of the USSR, NII TOP could not hold out for long and was soon closed. Talented engineers who knew about the principles of HDD operation found their place in the new market conditions - if there was no point in producing something, then data recovery turned out to be a very promising area of ​​activity. After all, in the early 90s, hard drives were just gaining momentum, and were about the same rarity as SSDs are today. Therefore, by developing its equipment in parallel with the development of HDDs, the company has accumulated vast experience during this time, and today, without exaggeration, is a leader in the production of equipment for data recovery throughout the world. They just don’t talk about us very often - this business is too highly specialized, “Data Recovery” :)

Is your company concerned about the development of this promising area (solid-state memory), or is it focusing its efforts more on traditional hard drives?

In percentage terms, HDD and SSD are approximately 90% to 10%, so the emphasis on hard drives is now, of course, more than on solid-state drives. On the other hand, the gradual cannibalization of enterprises producing HDDs is also beneficial for SSDs - it becomes possible to better concentrate resources for development. For example, 10 years ago, hard drives were produced by a whole cohort of companies. These were Fujitsu, IBM, Hitachi (and later Hitachi-IBM), Samsung, Toshiba, Seagate, Western Digital, Quantum, Maxtor, etc. We had to devote equal time to all drives, and since each manufacturer had a unique drive architecture (and, as a consequence, principles for recovering data from them), it was not easy to engage in uniform development in all areas at once. Over time, there were only two main competitors left on the market, which absorbed everyone else - Seagate and Western Digital, and perhaps Hitachi, which, although it was bought by Seagate, is now still churning out cheap 2.5” drives for laptops in very small quantities. So, by focusing on two or three manufacturers, it becomes possible to devote more time to SSDs - however, everything that happened was extremely timely.

In the course of your work, you often communicate with Western clients, but how many of us now use data recovery services from SSD or Flash?

The fact is that restoring information is expensive. This is a very painstaking process, which by definition cannot be paid for cheaply. And if things are going well with hard drives (people often ask to restore their information), then with Flash drives everything is much more complicated. For example, the SD card of the photographer who was officiating at the wedding suddenly failed him, and all the holiday photos disappeared along with the card’s functionality. In this case, of course, both the photographer and the bride and groom are interested in restoring lost data and are willing to pay a lot of money. But if a student has a flash drive with an essay, it is unlikely that he will pay two or three thousand rubles to restore his information. Abroad, even $100-200 is not a lot of money if travel photographs or more or less significant documents are at stake. But we, people who are less wealthy, are in no hurry to restore data. There are often cases when people do not want to sacrifice an 8-GB flash drive worth 500 rubles (which needs to be opened and the memory chip unsoldered for further restoration), fearing to lose the warranty and in the future, lose the opportunity to exchange it in the store for a new one, for free. This does not speak of greed, it speaks of a completely different level of income compared to the rich West. It’s the same with SSDs - data recovery from them is even more expensive, and so far, in the Russian market no one wants to spend a lot of money for recovering a solid-state drive. In addition, those who buy SSDs are aware of their fragility, which is why they do not store important data on them, using them exclusively for programs and the operating system. In the West, people are less technically savvy, so having bought a laptop with an SSD, they immediately dump important documentation, photographs, videos, and indeed everything they can onto it, and are very surprised when the SSD suddenly dies. So in the West, there are already quite a lot of clients applying for data recovery from SSDs - many times more than in Russia.

There has always been a belief among users that if a hard drive breaks down, then you can “drain information” from it without any problems, but due to the characteristics of solid-state drives, this is generally impossible to do, is this true?

Solid-state drives are relatively new - they are only a few years old (that’s how long they have been actively developing; before 2008, almost no one knew about them at all), so much less time was spent on “excavation” them. There is a lot of experience with HDDs; it is easier to recover data from them due to the perfection of both technology and software. With flash drives and SSDs, everything is different; the principle of operation, placement and storage of data is very different from HDDs, so “switching your brain” from hard drives to flash drives was quite difficult.

At first, SSDs of the first generations did not differ from ordinary flash drives in the principle of writing and reading information, there were simply a little more actions, and the overall recovery was slower, requiring much more time. For example, in an SSD, all data is divided into 4 KB pieces and written to different chips on the SSD board. Therefore, access to this data is very high. Those. controller, the same file begins to read at once through 4 channels, from 4 chips, reading the 1st part from the 1st chip, the 2nd from the second, etc., doing this simultaneously (which then type RAID0 for HDD). Thanks to this parallelization, high speed is achieved along with a “smoother” wear of NAND FlASH, since writing and reading were carried out constantly in different areas of the memory chips. But after reading data from the chips, the engineer received garbage from pieces of files - it was necessary to restore the controller transformations, repeating them in reverse order. Imagine a patchwork quilt cut into 5cm wide strips, which are then mixed together in a common box. The task of arranging all the pieces in the correct order and re-sewing the blanket - a specialist was faced with approximately the same task. It was necessary to unsolder all the microcircuits, count them, analyze

each of them, and start linking them together piece by piece to get user data. This required a huge amount of time and, naturally, the user no longer received his expensive SSD back and could not return it to the store under warranty - either the data or the warranty, because... all microcircuits were pre-soldered and read. Nevertheless, it was possible to return the data, although it was very, very difficult. However, already in the second generation of SSDs, the developers of solid-state drives brought their algorithms for recording information not just to cutting and mixing (for a more uniform use of chip cells), they decided to include encryption. Those. The controller, before recording data, first encrypted it, resulting in so-called “uniform white noise” that filled the space of the chips. This is where the problem arose - it was possible to subtract the data, but “gluing” them together without decryption turned out to be simply unrealistic. But, as it turned out, SSDs of the 2nd and 3rd generations were already able to work in technological mode, which could be activated if the firmware crashed or the firmware of the SSD controller failed. By activating this mode, it became possible to access data without first unsoldering the chips, making the recovery process faster and less complex.

If the technological mode is implemented on SSDs, then why do few manufacturers talk about it when it can help restore a damaged drive?

It's simple - none of the manufacturers wants SSD drives to be repaired by third-party companies and data to be restored. They want one thing - big sales. If a disk breaks, you buy a new one, and don’t go and repair it, like, for example, an HDD. However, since manufacturers are extending the warranty on their SSD products, and want users to trust them more, they have to resort to tricks, so they added a techno mode not to help recover data, but to fix it themselves. Let’s say your SSD breaks two years after purchase, and the warranty on the SSD is five years. You take it to a service center where they take it away from you and give you exactly the same one in return. At the same time, your old SSD is sent to the factory, where it is put into techno mode, the firmware is flashed, tested, the case is changed and sent back to the service center so that someone else can pick it up instead of the exact same one that is broken. After all, as practice shows, in modern SSDs, it is not the memory chips that wear out - all problems are 95% related to the controller and firmware/firmware, which can simply fail or become damaged during use. But, I want to note that this is purely a guess, although I must say, it looks very plausible :)

During the development of both hardware and software systems for data recovery, your employees must understand controllers, microcircuits, and so on. This is much easier to do by collaborating with the developers themselves, for example, manufacturers of drives or controllers; do they make contacts?

99% of all controller manufacturers, including the well-known Marwell, Indilinx, SiliconMotion, Alcor Micro, Phison, Sandforce, are located in China. It is there that they are developed, produced, etc. Establishing contact is very difficult, and this is not entirely beneficial to the controller manufacturers themselves who, as I already said, want to sell as much as possible. Therefore, developers have to figure everything out themselves through trial and error. :)

Now many have a negative attitude towards the transition of NAND memory to new manufacturing processes, due to the reduction in the number of cell rewrite cycles. Do you think there is a real danger that memory will simply stop working over time in personal computers, laptops, and so on within a reasonable time frame?

The probability that the SSD will fail is 100% :) Another question is how long will it take? If, for example, the manufacturer’s warranty is 5 years, I can say with a very high probability that the SSD itself will become obsolete much faster than the warranty on it will expire or it will break. In 5 years, any computer hardware becomes seriously outdated, so the most popular ones are 2-3 years; any SSD can work quite well. As for technical processes and reducing the size of memory cells, this is where programmers come into play, bringing the recording and “alignment” algorithms to perfection (as I said above). In addition, a substantial piece of space is added for “reassigned sectors”, so that damaged cells will be instantly copied to the reserve area, providing the same safety margin.

Let's say the first generations of SSDs from 2007-2008 had a 30,000-50,000 rewrite cycle for each memory cell, after which it became unusable for recording. At the same time, due to “linear” recording, when the user constantly overwrote the first 1-5 GB (browser caching and the OS can make thousands of writes daily to the same place), only they were worn out, and the remaining 50 GB remained unclaimed. and the disk could “die” very quickly. In modern SSDs, the lifespan of one cell is much less - approximately 3000-5000 cycles, however, due to the algorithms used for recording “alignment”, encryption, and overlaying XOR patterns, rewriting each cell is as efficient as possible. Developers like to boast that on boxes with SSDs they say, “our drive will last 10 years, even if you write 20 GB of data to it every day!” This is exactly what they mean - the same cells, thanks to optimized writing algorithms, will not be used constantly, so to “kill” a modern 16 GB microcircuit, you need to write 3000 times more of its actual volume to it, i.e. . approximately 48 TB... I don’t think that in everyday life, even in a couple of years, it will be possible to record at least 100-200 GB, not to mention terabytes. Those. Even if, with the development of the 14nm technical process, the safety margin of one cell drops to 300-500 rewrite cycles, a 512 GB SSD will have to write at least two hundred terabytes for noticeable damage to the NAND chip.

The weak point of the SSD is not the memory, but the controller and firmware, which really likes to crash, blocking all access to data.

SSD analysts have a bright future; more and more companies are starting to produce solid-state drives (for example, Seagate and MSI recently “expressed” such a desire). Previously, there were also assumptions that over time NAND Flash memory or its analogues would be able to replace hard drives; this was even before the official release of mass SSD lines; tens of years were then cited as the time frame. Now they are already talking about an advantage towards SSDs in the next 3-5 years, do you think there will be one and what do drives need to do in order to overtake hard drives in production?

To deny that SSDs are the future is stupid. But making any predictions about “a significant advantage in the next two to three years” is also wrong. The fact that an increasing number of manufacturers will produce SSD drives is quite obvious, because launching a solid-state drive into production is hundreds of times easier than releasing working HDD. What is needed for an SSD to work? Purchase a handful of microcircuits and a controller for them, with official factory firmware, which can be added or supplemented if desired. Those. any more or less significant company that produces computer hardware (riveting video cards and motherboards) can also produce SSDs without any particular headaches - there will be nothing new for them. It's quite another to release a competitive controller, so it's more likely

The question is how many companies will continue or start producing SSD controllers, rather than SSD drives themselves. So far, of the significant ones, there are only five of them - Sandisk, Sandforce, Samsung, Indilinx, Marwell, but it is quite possible that new players will appear who will present their vision of the “ideal controller for SSD”. Starting to develop a controller for a solid-state drive is much easier than starting to produce your own HDDs, so sooner or later the advantage will still be in the direction of solid-state drives. There will be more and more players in the NAND FLASH market, but the number of HDD manufacturers with a 99.9% probability will remain the same - Seagate and WD, there will no longer be a third.

But so far, I don’t see any fundamental changes in the PC market; the main advantages of HDDs are still greater reliability (the probability of sudden death is less than that of SSDs), low price, and huge volumes. Yes, in the mobile sector, FLASH has long replaced the 1.8” HDD, completely occupying the entire market, but as for PCs, I don’t yet see any global improvements compared to 2008. Solid-state drives are still expensive, and the maximum capacity is limited to 256-512 GB (this is already the last line of reasonable cost, then there are simply stunning prices), so even cheaper memory does not provide significant accessibility. It would seem that the winner is obvious - HDDs continue to dominate the PC sector (we are talking about it, it is the main one for us, we do not take mobile into account), but in reality there is no competition as such. Friendships are literally starting to develop between SSD and HDD, since together, from each other, they will take much more advantages than alone. In the near future, we will most likely see the following development of the situation: the average user will have two drives installed in their PC - one SSD, small in size and at an affordable price (128-160 GB for ~$80-100) for programs, games and operating systems, and a spacious HDD with a capacity of 2-4 TB, for storing FullHD movies, music, documents, game images, etc.

But, again, this is all only if prices for Internet access do not go down and people do not massively use services for online viewing of HD Video, music, etc. In this case, there will be no point in having an HDD - for games and installed programs, a 256 GB SSD will be enough, and everything else can be stored on “cloud servers”, which are gaining popularity. But this is not a matter of the near future, most likely such a picture will be by 2018-2020, but for now, SSD and HDD will live in close cooperation with each other.

But this is just my vision of the situation, there are too many conditions for any unambiguous conclusion :)

Thank you for your answers and I wish you further success in your difficult endeavor :)

SSD disk recovery is a hot topic. There are many myths and misconceptions surrounding SSD drives in general. Users are confused as to whether they can recover files from an SSD drive. We will try to resolve these issues and clarify the situation. But first, let's look at how SSD drives compare to traditional mechanical storage devices.

Yes, SSDs destroy deleted data

As you know, the contents of a file deleted from a hard drive, USB flash drive or SD card will not be available for use, but it will not be completely erased either. The operating system simply marks a file entry in the file system to declare blocks of information accessible. From this point on, the operating system can store other data in these data blocks; however, the system will not wipe, erase, or intentionally overwrite their contents until it has approved one or more blocks to store another file. This mechanism is exactly the reason why we can use a data recovery tool to recover deleted files.

SSD drives work on a different principle. In solid-state media, information can only be written to empty NAND memory cells. In order to write anything to a flash cell, the controller must first erase the contents of that cell. Although this already slows down the device, it is only part of the problem. Because the capacity of a physical NAND cell is typically much larger than the minimum data write block size (or disk sector as declared by the operating system), writing to non-empty blocks involves a three-step effort. When writing to a non-empty data block, the SSD controller must read the contents of the NAND memory cell, modify its contents in the disk cache, erase the cell, and then write the modified contents back. This extremely slows down the write operation.

To avoid slowdown, SSD manufacturers have used a combination of smart technologies such as background garbage collection and physical address mapping. These technologies allow an SSD drive to use different physical NAND cells to receive data, giving that cell the same logical address as the modified cell. The contents of the original cell are treated as "garbage" and are cleared (trimmed) in the background.

So what happens when you delete a file from an SSD? The operating system tells the SSD controller that a specific flash cell is becoming empty by sending a "TRIM" command to the SSD drive. Once a drive receives a Delete command, it knows that some blocks of data can no longer be used. The drive then erases the contents of these data blocks in the background without further notice. This mechanism makes it impossible to recover deleted files from an SSD drive.

Useful articles

When is SSD recovery possible?

Wait, didn't we just say that recovering deleted files from SSD is impossible due to background trimming, remapping and garbage collection? In fact, the TRIM command request is sent to the SSD controller and is not always fulfilled! On the Windows operating system, the TRIM command is executed only when the following conditions are met:

• The SSD drive is connected via a SATA channel (or M.2 or a similar interface).
  USB, FireWire and Ethernet SSD drives are never removed.
• The SSD drive is formatted with the NTFS file system.
  FAT32, exFAT, and other file systems are not supported by the Windows TRIM mechanism.
• You are running Windows 7, 8 or 10. Earlier versions of Windows do not support TRIM.
• The file system is fine. If you encounter a corrupted file system
  or partition table failure, you will lose access to files and folders,
  but the TRIM command will not run.

If any of the conditions are not met, the TRIM operation will not start and you can still recover data from the SSD drive. To recover data, download and run the program Starus Partition Recovery. Select your SSD drive and start the scanning process to search for available files and folders. After the scan is completed, select the files you want to recover, select the target device to save the recovered data and click the “Save” button. Your data will be extracted from the SSD and stored safely in a new location.

There is a generally accepted point of view that it is impossible to recover data on a solid-state drive, that this can only be done on a regular hard drive. But this only applies to built-in media. Files on USB flash drives and external solid-state drives (SSDs) are recoverable, which is often perceived as a security vulnerability.

But on the other hand, it's good. On such devices, you can restore accidentally deleted files, which, of course, is a useful feature. On the other hand, strangers can take advantage of this to gain access to confidential information.

Why you can’t recover deleted files from the built-in SSD

The reason why files can be recovered on a regular computer's built-in hard drive is very simple. When you delete a file from such a disk, it is by and large not deleted. This data remains on the hard drive and is simply marked by the system as deleted. The operating system stores information until it needs more disk space to store other data.

It makes no sense for the operating system to immediately clear sectors, as this will make the process of deleting files longer. And writing information to a previously used sector takes the same amount of time as writing information to an empty sector. Due to the large amount of such deleted data, data recovery programs can scan the hard drive for unused space and recover information that has not yet been overwritten.

SSD drives work differently. Before any data is written to a flash memory cell, the cell is first cleared. New drives are initially empty and write to them as quickly as possible. On a full disk with many deleted files, the writing process is slower because each cell must be erased before it can be written to. This means that the SSD will become slower over time. To avoid this, TRIM was introduced.

TRIM (eng. to trim) is an ATA interface command that allows the operating system to notify the solid-state drive about which data blocks are no longer contained in the file system and can be used by the drive for physical removal.

When the operating system deletes files from the built-in SSD, it calls the TRIM command, which instantly deletes the sector data. This speeds up the writing process in the future and makes data recovery on such a disk almost impossible.

TRIM only works with built-in drives

So, it is believed that it is impossible to recover files on an SSD drive. But this is not true, because there is one very important nuance: TRIM is only supported by built-in (internal) drives. It is not supported by USB or FireWire interfaces. In other words, when you delete a file from a flash drive, external SSD, SD memory card, or other type of SSD, the system simply marks it as deleted and it can be recovered.

This means that you can recover data on any external drives in the same way as on a regular HDD drive. In fact, such media are even more vulnerable than a regular built-in HDD - they are easier to steal. They can be left somewhere, borrowed or lost.

Try it yourself

You can try it yourself. Take a flash drive, connect it to your computer and copy files to it. Delete these files and run the program to recover deleted data. Scan your flash drive with it, and the program will see all the deleted files and offer to restore them.

Quick formatting won't help

What about formatting? We format the flash drive, and nothing will be restored! After all, formatting deletes all files on the media and creates a new file system.

To check this, let's format our flash drive using the default quick format. Yes, indeed, using a quick scan, Hetman Partition Recovery was unable to detect deleted files. But a deeper, full analysis was able to detect a large number of deleted files that were on the flash drive before it was formatted.

Uncheck the quick formatting box and format again. After this, the program finds it difficult to find deleted files.

How to make sure that deleted files can no longer be recovered

You can use encryption solutions such as TrueCrypt, Microsoft BitLocker, a built-in tool on Mac OS, or Linux. Then no one will be able to recover deleted files without the key, and this will protect all files on the media, including deleted ones.

But this is only important if the media is used to store important data. If this is a flash drive for listening to music in a car, then, of course, it is not necessary to encrypt it.

TRIM is a feature that helps you get maximum performance from your built-in SSD. However, it is not a security feature. Many people think that it guarantees permanent deletion of data from any solid-state drive. This is not true - you can recover data on any external drive. Be sure to take this into account when deleting confidential or simply important data.

About the reliability of SSDs.

It would seem that there are no moving parts - everything should be very reliable. This is not entirely true...

Data recovery from Solid State Drive (SSD)

Data recovery from any SSD drives! Solid State Drives (SSDs) appeared relatively recently, but have already gained great popularity. The advantages of SSDs over traditional hard drives are obvious at first glance: high mechanical reliability, no moving parts, high read/write speeds, low weight, and lower power consumption.

SSD is a solid state drive (English SSD, Solid State Drive or Solid State Disk), a non-volatile, rewritable storage device without moving mechanical parts using flash memory. An SSD completely emulates the operation of a hard drive.

About the reliability of SSDs.

It would seem that there are no moving parts - everything should be very reliable. This is not entirely true. Any electronics can break, SSDs are no exception. The low resource of MLC chips can still be dealt with somehow by ECC error correction, redundancy, wear control and shuffling of data blocks. But the biggest source of problems is the controller and its firmware. Due to the fact that the controller is physically located between the interface and the memory chips, the likelihood of it being damaged as a result of a failure or power problems is very high. In this case, the data itself is in most cases saved. In addition to physical damage, which makes it impossible to access user data, there are logical damages, which also impair access to the contents of memory chips. Any, even minor, error or bug in the firmware can lead to complete loss of data. Data structures are very complex. Information is “spread out” across several chips, plus interleaving, making data recovery quite a difficult task.
In such cases, the controller firmware with low-level formatting helps restore the drive, when service data structures are re-created. Manufacturers are constantly trying to improve the firmware, correct errors, and optimize the operation of the controller. Therefore, it is recommended to periodically update the drive firmware to eliminate possible failures.
In an SSD drive, as in a HDD, data is not deleted immediately after the file has been erased from the OS. Even if you overwrite the top of the file with zeros, the physical data still remains, and if you take out the flash memory chips and read them on the programmer, you can find 4kb file fragments. Complete erasure of data should be expected when data equal to the amount of free space + reserve volume (approximately 4 GB for a 60 GB SSD) has been written to the disk. If a file lands on a “worn out” cell, the controller will not soon overwrite it with new data.

Basic principles, features, differences in data recovery from SSD and USB Flash drives.

Recovering data from SSD drives is quite a labor-intensive and time-consuming process compared to portable flash drives. The process of finding the correct order, combining the results and selecting the necessary collector (an algorithm/program that completely emulates the operation of the SSD drive controller) to create a disk image is not an easy task.
This is primarily due to the increase in the number of chips in the SSD drive, which greatly increases the number of possible options for action at each stage of data recovery, each of which requires verification and specialized knowledge. Also, due to the fact that SSDs are subject to much more stringent requirements for all characteristics (reliability, performance, etc.) than mobile flash drives, the technologies and methods for working with data used in them are quite complex, which requires an individual approach to each decision and the availability of specialized tools and knowledge.

Article taken from open sources: http://hardxdisk.blogspot.ru/p/blog-page_5651.html

There are many advantages that SSDs have over traditional mechanical hard disk drives (HDD). The main list includes the speed of reading and writing information, resistance to mechanical damage and low power consumption. The main disadvantages include high price and a short time to failure.

An SSD consists of a control unit and a memory unit (a FLASH chip and a DRAM chip). The SSD drive can be widely used as a portable hard drive, micro hard drive, memory card, U-disk etc.

Since the SSD drive has a limited number of write cycles, there is a risk of data loss. Based on that, we want to tell you how to recover data from an SSD drive by yourself.

First, let’s look at the main reasons for data loss from an SSD:

• damage to electrical and physical components;
• wear;
• file corruption caused by software problems or an operating system malfunction;
• virus attacks.

Chances to recover data on SSD

The process of deleting files from an SSD is fundamentally different from the process of deleting files from a conventional hard drive.

If the file is deleted from a regular hard disk, then this is only an index that you delete. That is, the real data still remains there until this space is overwritten by new files. In an SSD, contents will be deleted immediately by the TRIM command.

What is TRIM, then? When you write new data to a mechanical hard disk, Windows will allow the disks to erase previous data first. Then the new data will be placed in the appropriate place. When you simply perform the delete operation, Windows will mark the corresponding space as available for writing, but will not delete the contents of the actual file.

However, when Windows recognizes an SSD and confirms that TRIM is supported, it will immediately delete the file instead of creating a special tag.

Fortunately, SSD data recovery is possible under the following conditions:

• It is possible to restore files if you connect the SSD to your computer as an external hard drive via a USB port;
• Data is restored when using an SSD in a RAID array, since TRIM is not supported in this disk array;
• TRIM support has been introduced since Windows Vista. Therefore, for Windows Vista and earlier versions the TRIM command is not supported, and it means that data recovery is possible;
• If the file system crashes, the disk is not readable or not available at all, your deleted files can be restored, because the TRIM team was not applied;
• If your SSD is old enough, it may not support TRIM. Therefore, the deleted data can be recovered.

If your situation matches one of these conditions, you can recover the lost data using data recovery software.

Magic Partition Recovery

If your disk contains deleted partitions or bad sectors, Magic Partition Recovery can restore any information from there. This program restores all types of files from all types of media. The Quick Scan mode displays a list of deleted files in a matter of seconds, while deep analysis mode finds files by their contents, without relying on the file table. Magic Partition Recovery fixes errors in the system disk structure and recovers heavily damaged, deleted and overwritten file systems.

Magic Uneraser

The product recovers all deleted files and folders almost instantly. As this program supports recovery of all file types, including MS Office documents, digital photos, MP3 and ZIP archives, it will quickly and reliably resurrect all your data. If you have cleared the Recycle Bin or deleted an important document without sending it to the Bin, formatted the memory card or lost your files on a hard disk no longer available, Magic Uneraser will help you in any situation. Magic Uneraser supports all types of media, including hard drives, SSD drives, USB flash drives and memory cards.