Name of keys on a laptop. About some secrets of function keys on a laptop

The next key, the “modifier” key, is the Ctrl key.

It is used to expand the capabilities of the keyboard. It is often used in combination with other keys to activate an action in a program. That is, the Ctrl key, used in combination, allows us to access some of the most frequently used commands of a program or operating system.

The next key is the “modifier” key.Alt. It, like Ctrl, is used in combination with other keys.

Next comes Caps Lock. Pressing it turns on or off the mode for entering capital letters. If you want to enter a word with a capital letter, then you just need to press the Shift key and, while holding it, enter the first letter of the word so that it is capitalized. You can then release Shift and continue typing. By doing this, you will enter ordinary characters, that is, ordinary lowercase letters.

If you want to enter all text in all capital letters, then it is easier for you to press the Caps Lock key, and after pressing it, all the letters that you will enter into your text document will be written in capital letters. Accordingly, pressing this key again turns off this mode and you will return to entering lowercase letters again.

KeyTab Allows tabulation. Tabulation is the process of aligning characters horizontally. A tab character is usually equal to eight regular characters. That is, it is equivalent to eight presses of the Space key. Tabulation is used when creating text documents. Also, sometimes the tab key is used in some programs to switch between some work areas of the program, or to move to the next command.

Next - keyEnter. It allows us to complete text entry, create a new paragraph in the text, or execute some command. That is, if we have selected a command and want to execute it, we usually press the Enter key. Or if, when editing text, we want to move the text cursor to a new line or create a new paragraph, we also press this key. We will talk about all this in the future.

The next key is Backspace. It allows us to delete the character to the left of the text cursor. What's happened text cursor, by the way, if we’re already talking about this, then it probably makes sense to talk about it right away. A text cursor is a blinking vertical, sometimes horizontal, line that shows us where on the screen a new character will appear if we press any “character” key on the keyboard. You've probably seen it if you've launched any text input program. So, the Backspace key allows you to delete the character that is to the left of the text cursor.

There are also two more keys in this area. The first one is keyWindows. Usually it is located between the Ctrl and Alt keys, on both sides of the space key, and when pressed it appears. That is, you can call the Start menu simply by pressing this key. And one more key that allows you to call up the context menu of the object on which the mouse pointer is currently located. This key duplicates the right mouse button.

Next, let's look at the area where the four arrow keys are located. These keys are called "Cursor keys". They are responsible for moving the text cursor in the appropriate direction. These keys are also used in many games when controlling objects. And these keys are also used in many programs, for example, when moving a document page or when viewing photographs to move to the next image. Typically, these keys perform the functions that are depicted on them - scrolling up, down, right, left.

Additional keys are usually located just above the cursor keys. They also have to do with cursor control. These keys are commonly used in text documents when entering text. KeyInsert allows us to enable or disable the so-called insert mode. KeyDelete allows you to delete a character at the cursor position. Backspace deletes the character that is to the left of the text cursor, and Delete, accordingly, to the right. KeysHomeAndEnd allow you to move the cursor either to the beginning of the line or to the end of the line. A keysPage UpAndPage Down allow you to move the cursor one screen up or one screen down.

There is another area on the right side of the keyboard. This is the so-called additional keyboard.

It contains number keys and math keys, but there is also an additional Enter key. The additional keyboard is activated by pressing keysNum Lock. If it is disabled, then it can be used to control the cursor, that is, its number keys will duplicate the cursor keys. There are arrows on keys 4, 8, 6 and 2, and, accordingly, these keys will begin to duplicate the corresponding cursor control keys. Well, on the other keys -7, 9, 1, 3 and 0 - the names are also signed and these keys will duplicate Home, End, Page Up, Page Down, Insert and Delete, respectively. If we turn on the Num Lock mode, then, accordingly, we can use this keyboard to enter numbers and corresponding mathematical operations. It is convenient to use when working in the Calculator program, which we will talk about later.

On some keyboards, there is also a button above the secondary keyboard area.

Not all keyboards have it anymore, but maybe yours does. These indicators light up when the corresponding keys are pressed. The Num Lock indicator lights up if it is turned on, that is, if you have an additional keyboard activated. The Caps Lock indicator is on if you have Caps Lock enabled and enter characters in capital letters. Well, the Skroll Lock indicator lights up if you have this key pressed. Skroll Lock mode is no longer used and many keyboards do not have this button. Previously it was used to change the behavior of the cursor keys.

So we have disassembled all the keys of our keyboard.

See you in the next lesson!

Nastasya Gerasimenko.

The designation of keys on a computer keyboard has its own functional features and purpose. Using the keys, you can control the computer, write texts, and enter numerical data. The designation of the keys on the keyboard is divided into four groups of keys:

Alphabetical - numeric, basic, there are the most of them on the keyboard. They are located in its central part and are intended for typing numbers, letters, punctuation marks and various symbols.

The function keys F1 to F12 are located at the very top of the keyboard. Each of these keys has a specific function and it depends on what program you are working with at the moment. For example, when you press the F1 key, you will always receive help information about this program.

The most famous keyboard shortcuts

The side numeric keypad is designed to quickly enter numbers, but before that we need to press the “Num Lock” key. When disabled, the keys are used to control the cursor and screen. The keys in this group are grouped and arranged in a block, like on a calculator or adding machine.

The cursor and screen control keys (arrow keys) are designed to move the text entry cursor, set a pause, and take screenshots. Here I will make a small explanation that the text cursor appears when entering text and indicates the place from which you will begin typing. In addition, arrow keys are commonly used to control the computer, to navigate web pages, documents, and in computer games.

Now let's take a more specific look at the designation of the keys on the keyboard:

Esc To stop or cancel an action that has started, closes the program menu windows

Tab Creates a standard indent for the first line of a paragraph, sets the horizontal distance in a line between words, navigates through cells in windows and tables, as well as navigates through open windows and objects in them.

Caps Lock Used to enable or disable capitalization mode

Shift To switch to upper case (capital letter and symbol mode)

Ctrl and Alt Designed to be pressed simultaneously with other keyboard keys, changing the result of their use.

Windows To enable or disable the main menu, similar to the “Start” button on the taskbar.

Space(space) Places a space between words and characters, but only places a space once between words. There is no space on the inside of parentheses or quotation marks, nor is it placed to the left of punctuation marks.

Context menu key It is analogous to the right mouse button and is intended to enable the context menu.

Enter Confirms actions in menu windows and for entering paragraph characters

BackSpace To delete characters to the left of the text input cursor. The key is located above the Enter key and is indicated by a curved arrow.

Delete Deletes characters to the right of the text input cursor, deletes selected text or an object.

Home Moves the text input cursor to the beginning of the line and moves to the first object in the window.

End Moves the text input cursor to the end of the line to the last object in the window.

PageUp To move up in the program window

PageDown Moves down in the program window

Insert Used to paste something copied from the clipboard.

NumLock To enable or disable the side numeric keypad

Print Screen To photograph the monitor screen (placing its image on the clipboard

Arrow keys Move the text input cursor over the text and navigate through selected objects in the window

F1–F12 They are function keys and perform various special actions. The functions of the keys depend on the running programs.

Scroll - Lock Disables text scrolling mode

Pause Pauses some programs and operating system loading

One of the most important hardware components in a computer is the keyboard. There is a large selection of models and design proposals. There are also some very unusual products. But, despite the many proposals from designers, the purpose and functions of the keys are made according to the same principle.

Modern computer keyboards have 101 buttons (sometimes there may be 102). All of them are divided into groups and are function keys, numeric, alphabetic, control, service. There are also modifiers.

What is the purpose of the keys in each type of keyboard?

What are function keys?

There are 12 of them in total. They have been used in computer keyboards for a very long time. And their description and purpose can be seen in many information technology textbooks that were published even before the invention of computers in their current form. Typically, function keys are located at the top of the keyboard and arranged in a single row. What are their features? To a large extent, the purpose of these keys is determined by traditional software and not at all strict standards.

There are generally accepted principles where buttons in a given group are associated with certain actions. Although this is not without exceptions. And some manufacturers assign function keys a purpose that they consider more correct. You can consider options where you will need to press function buttons when working in Windows. Let it be the 7th version. Then the F1 key is responsible for the OS help system. Many programs that run on Windows also activate help using the F1 button. As for the F2 key, its purpose is to rename folders and files in Windows.

When working with some file managers, a similar function is assigned to it. The F3 key in a Windows program is responsible for a separate folder, search system - OS or a similar interface that is found in most programs. For example, if text is open in the editor, then by pressing F3, you can find the desired word or phrases. The F4 button in Windows has two functions. By pressing this key, you can go to the address bar in the OS manager or display the history. When you press the F5 key, it is possible to update the display of objects in the folder on the desktop or in the browser window. The F6 button has some similarities with F4.

With its help, you can move the text cursor to the address bar in the built-in Windows file manager. But it doesn't show history. If you take the F7 – F9 and F12 keys on the keyboard in a Windows system, then their purpose is not strictly defined. Here everything will depend on the specific application in which you are working. Here you can use a specialized program to assign keys. The F10 button in the program interface is used if you need to get to the menu item located on the left edge.

For example, you have a page open in a Word window. If you press F10, you can get to the "File" menu. Using the F11 button, you can quickly switch to full screen mode or do it the other way around.
The control keys K usually mean the arrow keys - left, right, down and up. They are used to perform actions such as moving objects on the screen, controlling characters in various games, and other actions. Among other things, they are used to position the cursor in the text.

The central place in the keyboard space is occupied by letter keys. Usually there are 47 such buttons and they are the largest in number. As a rule, in the English keyboard, alphabetic characters are indicated in their pure form. This means that there is nothing depicted on the keys other than them. As for the Russian keyboard, the simultaneous use of some letter keys is allowed here in order to make them “carriers” of punctuation marks. If they are not combined with other modifiers, the main letters will be displayed. If you make a certain combination, punctuation marks will be introduced. In addition, sometimes, using letter keys, you can control an object on the screen, if this is provided by a computer game or directly by a program. Then the letter keys will be “control” keys.

Depending on the keyboard model, the number buttons may be located on top of the letter characters or supplemented by keys on the right side. This usually happens on laptops and software computers, on “large” keyboards where they do not fit. These keys are often used in calculations. There are also auxiliary buttons with which you can perform division, multiplication, addition, and subtraction. There is an Enter key.

There are keys on the keyboard - modifiers that, using alphabetic, function or numeric buttons, can change the entered commands when pressed simultaneously. These include ALT, CTRL, SHIFT. Modifiers also include the INSERT, CAPS LOCK, NUM LOCK, SCROLL LOCK keys. Some of these four keys are separated into a separate group and called “mode” buttons. To better understand their action, we can give some examples where these keys are used. On a computer, the keyboard is designed so that data can be entered using only single button presses and their combinations. Thanks to this feature, the functions of most “modifiers” are performed. Often, users combine buttons with the ALT key.

For example, by pressing the TAB and ALT combination, you can switch windows of different programs. Using a combination of ALT and F4. You can close the active application. Popular on the keyboard, there are also keyboard shortcuts with CTRL. For example, if you press the “C” button with this key, you can make a copy of an object or copy an area of ​​data - a folder, file, picture, text, and so on - to the clipboard. By pressing CTRL+V you can instantly paste a “copy”. If “X” is substituted for “C”, then the selected data will be “cut out” from the original location, and after using CTRL + V, they will be moved to a new one. SHIFT is a modifier button that is used more often than others. Thanks to it, many users type capital letters in the text.

Some experts call modifier buttons hot keys. After all, with their help you can quickly perform a specific action that would take more time if you used a mouse. Above are examples that can be used using hotkeys. This is copying text using a combination of CTRL, X, C and V, when the work is faster than using the context menu with the mouse. Quite often “modifiers” are combined with each other. For example, you enabled the “Russian” keyboard on your computer. You can change the layout to “English” if you press the ALT and SHIFT buttons on the keyboard at the same time. Or if you do the combination the other way around.

There are quite a few service keys on the keyboard. These include PAGE UP, ESC, PRTSC, PAGE DOWN, PAUSE, DEL, HOME, BACKSPACE, WIN, END, TAB, ENTER. Very often the consumer uses the SPACE button, which means space. There is an opinion that “modifiers” and control keys are considered “service” keys, since it would be more appropriate to classify buttons differently. However, at the same time, there are no uniform standards here.
Among the most popular keys is SPACE, which creates a space when typing.

When combined with INSERT, this key will erase typed letters. The second most popular is ENTER, which has many functions. Moreover, it will be difficult to single out the main one. This is a group of key ones: launching a program, opening a folder, file, and moving the given text to a new line. Keyboards that have separate number buttons on the right side usually have an ENTER key. Quite often they use the ESC button, which cancels various actions. For example, the user opened an image viewer. You can close it by pressing ESC. This is only possible if the corresponding key association is included in the application. There are times when when you press ESC, no actions occur and the program does not respond to them.

Many people do not know the use of the PRTSC key. It is used to take “screenshots”. In other words, graphic snapshots at a given moment in time. If you want to save an image in a separate file, you need to run a specific program to process the images. This could be Photoshop or Paint. Then place (what you want) in the editable area. An option could be a combination of CTRL and V. Then leave a convenient format in the file.
The keyboard also has keys that we use extremely rarely. However, they are also necessary and belong to the category of service buttons. These are the PAUSE and SCROLL LOCK keys.

Using the second button we can change the mode of the control arrows. For example, pressing the “left” or “right” buttons will move the active window in the corresponding direction. If you are running a process or program on your computer that has a pause function, the PAUSE key may come in handy. For example, before the Windows program was loaded, various system information was displayed on the screen, which is of interest to the user, but he does not have time to familiarize himself with it due to rapid switching. By pressing the PAUSE button, you can “slow down” the process. All this is possible if the software interface allows it. Its algorithms are initially laid down by the manufacturer of the motherboard or the computer itself. To continue the program, as a rule, you need to press any key on the keyboard.

Every year, everything in the world is improved and modernized. This also applies to the computer keyboard. The description and purpose of the keys may change over time. However, this is not the only aspect of the technological revolution. New keys are added, which then become generally accepted standards. New buttons include WIN and “menu”. On keyboards, they are usually indicated by pictures. The WIN button looks like a Microsoft branded flag. The context menu key is drawn with a mouse arrow. Today, any modern computer keyboard adapted for Windows contains the WIN key. It is believed that the appearance of these two buttons determined the entry of the Windows system into the world market.

In principle, the WIN key is considered a “hot” key, since many actions are performed with it, both in combination with other keys and when quickly performing various actions performed with the mouse. It must be said that when you press the WIN button separately, the “Start” menu opens.
What “hot” combinations can there be when using WIN.

When you press WIN+D, you can minimize or maximize open windows in applications. If the user needs to quickly launch a program, use the WIN and R keys together. By combining the WIN and PAUSE buttons, you can open the “My Computer” page. What is the use of the Menu key? The principle of its operation is the same as when you click the right mouse button when the cursor is hovering over a folder or file. In other words, using this button you can open a context menu, which consists of different options. For many users, it is more convenient to use this function using the keyboard.

As noted above, the assignment of keys is a set of rules that are dictated by tradition. But software and computer manufacturers are not eager to experiment with key associations. After all, many users are already accustomed to the keyboard they use, the description of its functions and the purpose of the keys. And they may simply not like the unusual keyboard.

Most PC owners prefer the usual “hot” service or function buttons, which are used in most applications. The principles that relate to the purpose of various keys and which were outlined above are generally suitable for all models of keyboards. Software manufacturers, in turn, try to associate applications in algorithms that are more familiar to the market.

Other operating systems (such as Linux) that are different from Windows have key characteristics similar to the above. Many competing operating systems, originally Windows-based, have the same key assignments that display the same capabilities as the Microsoft system. This also applies to the WIN key, which is typical for Windows. In some cases in other operating systems, its functions are similar to the original range of purposes. The same can be said about computer keyboard “modifiers”. Using a combination of SHIFT and ALT, not only in Windows, the layout can be changed between languages.

Not every user knows what all the keys on a PC keyboard are for. But among them there are many necessary and unused buttons. To learn how to use them more effectively, you should know the purpose of the keyboard keys and be able to use them at the right time.

When first starting to use a computer, a novice user does not think about what additional keys are needed for, and then completely forgets about them, using only those that allow typing. But additional buttons and their combinations can save time and, in some cases, money.

All keys are divided into 7 groups, each of which allows you to speed up your computer work and make the process more efficient. Thanks to the use of additional buttons, the user quickly types text, compiles a report, or simply switches between windows.

Depending on their functions, the keys are divided into groups:

1. Function keys (F1-F12) are designed to perform special tasks and, when pressed again, cancel the triggered action. For example, F1 is pressed to open help for the program whose window is active at the time of pressing. In games, the key performs the function assigned to it in the settings.

2. Alphanumeric needed to enter numbers, keys, punctuation marks and other symbols used when working on a PC.

3. Control keys, which include HOME, END, PAGE UP, PAGE DOWN, DELETE and INSERT.

4. Cursor keys are used to move the cursor while working in text editing programs, in a browser, or when selecting files on a computer.

5. Control keys (modifiers) (Alt, Ctrl, Win, Caps Lock, Fn), used most often in combination with each other or with other buttons on the keyboard.

6. Number keys are needed to quickly enter numbers, so they are often used when drawing up reports or working with a calculator.

7. Editing keys (deleting information) – Backspace, Delete.

The layout of the keys on different keyboards may differ, but they are all located in approximately the same places relative to each other. Additional keys can also be built in to mute the sound, increase or decrease the volume, and quickly go to the mailbox.

Let's take a closer look at the purpose of the computer keyboard keys with their full description.

Each key can perform one or more functions:

• Spacebar located at the bottom of the keyboard and is the largest. When typing, it makes a space between words, and when a fragment of text is selected, it replaces it with a space, which speeds up work in a text editor. In an Internet browser, it performs the scroll-down function.
• Esc when pressed, cancels the last action, closes or minimizes open windows.
• Print Screen creates a screenshot that is inserted into text and graphic editors. The image obtained in this way is called a “screenshot”. The key is also used to print images from the screen.
• Scroll Lock needed to enable a mode in which you can scroll the page up and down using the cursor keys. But it doesn't work on all computers.
• Pause/Break pauses the running process, for example, when you boot the computer, you can pause and view system information, but like the previous key described, it does not work on all devices.
• Insert activates a mode in which characters are entered over the printed text. After pressing, printing occurs over the entered characters, which at this moment begin to be erased. To cancel the action, press the key again.
• Delete denoted on the keyboard as Del and is needed to delete characters entered in a text editor or selected files. If an action is performed in a text input field, it is deleted to the right of the cursor.
• Home This is the key that jumps to the beginning of the filled line. If the cursor is at the end of a sentence in a word processor, pressing the specified button will move the cursor in front of the first letter on the line. If you click on an empty line, nothing happens. In the browser, rewinds the page to the beginning (up).
• End moves the cursor to the end of the line. In the browser, it rewinds the page to the very bottom.
• Page Up turns the page up. In some media players, pressing a key will play the previous file in the folder.
• Page Down scrolls the page down, and in the players includes the media file that is next in the playback queue.
• Backspace is used to remove characters to the left of the cursor in a text editor or in a field intended for entering characters.
• Tab used to insert a tab character equal to 8 spaces (forms a paragraph, for example in Word). Also used in combination with other keys.
• Caps Lock switches capital letters to uppercase and vice versa.
• Shift When pressed simultaneously with a letter, it becomes capitalized. If Caps Lock is enabled, it will be lowercase.
• Alt used in several keyboard shortcuts. Together with Shift, it changes the layout to English; if you press Tab at the same time, it switches to the program window that was open before.
• Num Lock turns on a mode in which additional numeric keys work.
• Enter needed to move to the next line in a text editor, as well as to enter information and confirm actions in many programs.
• Windows used to open the menu called up when the mouse clicks the “Start” button.
• Context is located near the right key and calls up a context menu, which differs depending on the program used.
• The cursor keys move the cursor and allow you to scroll pages in the browser.

Hot keys speed up work on the computer by triggering one or another action. In the described combinations, the keys are pressed in the order in which they are written. Using button combinations it is easy to speed up the process of calling a particular function.

Windows + Pause/break - opens a window that displays information about the computer.
Windows + L is a combination that locks the computer. It helps you change your user account faster.
Windows + D - minimizes all windows. To open them, the keys are pressed again.
Windows + Space – the combination is designed to show the desktop.
Windows+ E - needed to go to “my computer”.
Windows + R - Opens the Run window.
Windows + Tab - switches between windows of running programs.
Ctrl + Shift + Esc - opens the task manager.
Win + F - opens a search window for the computer’s file system.
Ctrl + F - activates the search function in a document or program.
Alt + F4 is a keyboard shortcut that closes the active window. If the desktop is active, allows you to restart or shut down the computer when pressed again.
Ctrl + - zooms in or out depending on which way you scroll the mouse wheel.
Alt + Print Screen – the combination creates a screenshot of the program window that is active at that moment.

Hot keys when working with text and files

Ctrl + A - Selects all characters in a text editor or files in an open folder.
Ctrl + C - copies the selected fragment or files.
Ctrl + V - Pastes text or files contained in the clipboard.
Ctrl + Z – the combination is needed to undo the last action.
Ctrl + P - opens the print window.
Ctrl + N - opens a new window of the program that is running at that moment.
Ctrl + S - saves the typed text or project.
Shift + Delete – the combination completely deletes files without placing them in the trash. Be careful and careful when using this key combination!

Typing constantly on one keyboard makes it difficult to get used to another if you have to use several computers. In an electronics store, it is difficult to choose a specific model if you do not know what types of devices exist.

Depending on the buttons, all keyboards are divided into 3 types:

• Compact - are devices that do not have additional numeric keys. Such keyboards are convenient on a small computer desk and have a lower cost.
• Standard or full-size have all the described keys.
• Multimedia have additional buttons designed to control the playback of media files and control sound. Also, such devices often have a key to turn on the calculator and other programs. It is possible to reassign keys to suit your own needs. Multimedia keyboards often have USB hubs.

To understand which keyboard is more comfortable, try pressing several keys and comparing the sensations. Some devices click too loudly during use or press harder. When pressed, it becomes clear to what depth the buttons go.

In order not to get tired of the noise of the keyboard, for constant work you need to choose models with “softer” keys. Standard devices have a long pitch, while laptops have a short pitch. This also needs to be taken into account.

A multimedia keyboard with additional buttons and connectors significantly increases the degree of comfort when working at a computer, so for long-term work it is worth choosing these models.

Important! For comfortable work, it is worth purchasing white keyboards. If English and Russian letters are different in color, this allows you to quickly switch from one language to another.

Regardless of which keyboard you choose for your work, it is important to create a comfortable environment. To do this, your hands should be located in a comfortable position. Don't forget about posture. Choosing the right keyboard and following the basic rules of working with a computer will allow you to enjoy the process.

Friends! I hope this article was useful to you, and now you know the purpose of the computer keyboard keys and will use them as efficiently as possible.

In this lesson I want to tell you about the purpose of the keys, when you look at them it is not immediately clear what should happen when you press them. These, of course, are not alphanumeric keys, everything is clear with them - what is drawn will be displayed when pressed. True, on some alphanumeric keys, three characters are drawn, and it is also not immediately clear how to display any of them. I will also tell you in this lesson how, using which keys and in which mode to display each of the symbols drawn on the key.

Let's take a look at a regular keyboard.

I highlighted in red the keys with which everything is more or less clear; these are symbolic keys (letters, numbers, signs). The only thing I will dwell on in more detail in terms of these keys is how to display all the symbols drawn on these keys, but a little lower.

But the meaning of the keys highlighted in blue is most likely not clear to beginners. And so now I will describe the meaning of each such key separately.

I'll start from the top left corner.

"Esc" key. Reads like "Escape".

This key usually CANCELS an action. For example, if you right-click on the desktop and open the screen properties window, then pressing the “Esc” key will instantly close this window. In any game, pressing the “Esc” key will most likely exit to the game menu, and if you press this key again, the game will continue. In any browser (Internet Explorer, Opera, FireFox, etc.), when entering the address of a site, pressing the “Esc” key will return you to the original address value, to the home page address. And so on.

Just remember - THE "Esc" KEY CANCELS THE PREVIOUS ACTION!

Keys "F1-F12".

These are function keys, i.e. when you press these keys

These actions are different in different programs. Typically these keys are used as hot keys or in combination with other keys. For example, in most programs, the “F1” key is a call for help, help.

The key combination “Alt+F4” in Windows closes the current window. In any browser, the “F5” key is a page refresh.

"Print Screen/SysRq" key. Reads like "Print Screen".

Using this key you can do

Those. in fact, when you press this button, no visible actions occur, but in fact, the picture of the photographed screen goes into memory (clipboard), from where it can then be retrieved by pasting it into any graphics editor, for example “Paint” or “Photoshop”. By the way, if you press this key together with the “Alt” key (highlighted in green), i.e. “Alt+PrintScreen”, then not the entire screen will be photographed, but only the active window!

Scroll Lock key. Read as "Scroll Lock".

The essence of this button is that when this button is turned on (this is indicated by the corresponding indicator light), using the cursor keys (arrow keys, Page Up, Page Down) you can move the screen image, not the cursor. In general, I found the use of this button only in ExcelE, where it really works.

Pause/Break key.

Typically, from the moment you turn on your computer until Windows loads, you only have time to see the Windows boot screen on the screen. But in fact, at the time of boot, some information about the system is displayed on the screen (availability of RAM, hard drive capacity, etc.), so that

For this information, you need to press the “PAUSE” button; to continue, you can press any button. In general, this button in combination with the “Ctrl” key was actively used at one time in DOS applications for

program operation. Now the function of this button is performed by the TASK MANAGER.

Num Lock key.

This key

Located on the right side of the keyboard. If this key is turned on (as indicated by the indicator light), then the numeric keypad will work like a calculator, i.e. When pressed, numbers will be displayed.

If this key is turned off (the indicator is not lit), then the number keys will work in a different mode. The “1” and “7” keys will work like the “End” and “Home” keys - moving the cursor to the end and beginning of the line. The “3” and “9” keys will work as the “Page Up” and “Page Down” keys - moving the cursor one screen up and down. The keys “2”, “4”, “8”, “6” will work as arrow keys, i.e. in cursor control mode.

In addition, if you set SPECIAL FEATURES for the mouse in the CONTROL PANEL, then when the “Num look” key is turned off, you can control the mouse cursor using the keys “4” - left, “6” - right, “8” - up, “2” - down.

"Page Up" and "Page Down" keys.

These keys allow you to scroll up and down the screen. Keys highlighted in blue only work if the Num Lock key is turned off (the indicator is off). These keys can and should be used in any text editor, any browser, in general, anywhere where the information does not fit on one screen in height.

Home and End keys.

Using these keys, the cursor moves to the beginning (Home key) and the end (End key) of the line. Or to the beginning and end of the list (in Explorer). Keys highlighted in blue only work if the Num Lock key is turned off (the indicator is off).

By the way, if you press the “Home” key together with the “Ctrl” key (highlighted in green), you will go directly to the first (topmost) page. And if you press the “End” key together with the “Ctrl” key, the transition will be carried out immediately to the last (lowest) page.

"Insert" or "Ins" key.

The "Insert" key switches between INSERT and REPLACE modes. In mode

If you type between two words, the right word will move to the right and new text will be inserted after the left word. Like this: “left” “center” “right” - I inserted the word “center” between the words “left” and “right”. And in mode

the right word will be overwritten - replaced by the inserted word.

Like this: “left” “center”, i.e. the word “right” will be completely erased.

Sometimes you just want to disable this key, because... When typing text in WordE, you can accidentally click on this button and turn on the replacement mode, and at the moment of editing the already typed text you don’t notice how what you typed is overwritten. Therefore, I recommend that you sometimes pay attention to the status bar in WordE, there is an indication of the “Insert” key. In addition, in WordE you can disable this key altogether, but this is not covered in this lesson.

This key is also used in combination with the “Ctrl” and “Shift” keys (highlighted in green).

Key combination “Ctrl+Insert” - copying selected text. Same as “Ctrl+C”.

Key combination “Shift + Insert” - inserts selected text. Same as “Ctrl+V”.

"Delete" or "Del" key.

Using the "Delete" key you can

one character to the right in any text. Or delete all selected text. Or delete a file or folder. By the way, if you delete a file using the “Shift+Delete” key combination (the “Shift” keys are highlighted in green), the file will be deleted bypassing the trash can, i.e. it will no longer be possible to restore it from the recycle bin.

The key highlighted in blue only works if the Num Lock key is turned off (the indicator is off).

In addition, the "Del" key is used in combination with the "Ctrl" and "Alt" keys (highlighted in green). When you press the key combination “Ctrl+Alt+Del”, the “Task Manager” will open.

Cursor keys - arrows.

Using these keys

The cursor is a blinking vertical bar in text editors or a highlighted rectangle in any file manager.

Keys highlighted in blue only work if the Num Lock key is turned off (the indicator is off).

The cursor keys can be used in combination with the Shift and Ctrl keys (highlighted in green). This is especially useful in text editors.

The key combination “Shift+right/left arrow” - selects one character from the right/left.

The key combination “Ctrl + right/left arrow” - moves the cursor one word to the right/left.

The key combination “Shift+up/down arrow” - selects one line up/down.

The key combination “Ctrl + up/down arrow” - moves the cursor one paragraph/line up/down.

BackSpace or Left Arrow key. Reads like "Backspace".

With this key you can

one character to the left or the entire selected text.

In file managers, this button is used to move one level (one folder) up. In photo viewing programs - go back one photo.

The key combination “Alt+BackSpacr” - cancels the previous action. Same as “Ctrl+Z”.

Enter key. Read as "Enter".

There are two Enter keys on the keyboard. If you often work with numbers on the numeric keypad, I recommend that you use the “Enter” key, which is located on the right, bottom part of the keyboard.

The Enter key is used to

any actions, to open files, to launch programs, to move to a new line.

Shift keys. Read as "Shift".

Shift key is used

characters. Those. if the "Shift" key is pressed, then the letters will be printed in capitals. Like this: SHIFT KEY.

Additionally, the Shift key is often used in combination with the Ctrl and Alt keys. For example, the key combinations “Ctrl+Shift” or “Alt+Shift” switch the keyboard layout.

"Ctrl" keys. Read as "Control".
Alt keys. Read as "Alt".

I combined the meanings of these keys because... they really are the same. These keys are used

other keys, i.e. "Ctrl" and "Alt" keys are used

with other keys to perform any actions.

"Context menu" key.

Using this key

Exactly the same as if you pressed the RIGHT mouse button. The menu will correspond to the program you are working in, i.e. active program. Or if you press this button while on the “Desktop”, a menu corresponding to the active element of the Desktop will open.

Windows or Win key.

When you press this key, the main Windows menu opens - the START button menu.

In addition, this key is used in Windows in combination with other keys, making it easier and faster to launch any programs or perform any actions.

For example, the key combination “Win+D” minimizes all windows.

Key combination “Win+E” - launch “Explorer”. And so on. I will make a separate lesson about key combinations.

Spacebar key.

This key is used

between themselves symbols, words, i.e. to insert a space character - indent.

By the way, if replace mode is enabled (using the “Insert” key), the “Space” key works like the “Delete” key, i.e. erases the character on the right.

Sometimes the Spacebar is used to confirm some action, i.e. like the Enter key.

Caps Lock key. Pronounced "Caps Lock".

The "Caps Lock" key is used in the same way as "Shift"

characters. Those. If the Caps Lock key is turned on (the corresponding indicator is lit), then the letters will be printed in capitals. Like this: CAPS LOCK KEY.

Tab key. Reads like "Tab".

Using this key you can create a “red line” in text editors, i.e. When you press this button, several space characters are inserted at once.

Using this button you can bypass all contextual elements of the active window. This can be useful when the mouse suddenly stops working or is not there at all for some reason. To make it clearer, go to Explorer and press the “Tab” key. You will see how the cursor jumps from one context element to another.

The Tab key is also used in combination with the Alt key to switch tasks in Windows.

Now, as I promised, I’ll tell you how to display all the symbols drawn on a key.

For example, I’ll take the “?” key located near the right “Shift” key.

There are already four characters per key. The secret is in the “Shift” key and the keyboard layout.

Those. to display "." (dots) the Russian keyboard layout must be enabled.

To display “,” (comma), you need to press this key together with the “Shift” key in the Russian keyboard layout.

To display “/” (slash), you need to switch to the English layout and press this key. To display "?" (question mark) you need to press this key together with the “Shift” key in the English layout. That's the whole secret.

The same goes for other keys that have several symbols on them. For some special national symbols, you need to switch to the national layout accordingly.