Adobe Dreamweaver free download. New version of the program

You create and launch websites and need powerful tool to automate your actions? Visual HTML editor Adobe Dreamweaver will help in solving such problems and bringing results to industry standards.

Adobe's product is closely integrated with other company solutions. The elements developed in them are then easily implemented into the project. This is a convenient environment for writing page code, designing layouts, and testing sites. Popular technologies are supported - Java Script, ASP, PHP, ColdFusion, Ajax. It is possible to adapt and test created resources for mobile devices.

Adobe Dreamweaver Features and Features

The main functionality of the product is intended for HTML creation and CSS and working with site files.

  • Thanks to the visual interface, you can see the result of executing the code immediately on the page layout.
  • The designer simplifies routine operations such as creating tables. With its help, code that complies with web standards appears, allowing you to work with CSS.
  • The hint system will help the novice web programmer.
  • Syntax highlighting is supported for many languages: C#, Java, JavaScript, VB, HTML, XML, PHP, ColdFusion and others. Their use makes it possible to develop dynamic pages.
  • Working with layout templates will allow you to quickly create interactive sites.
  • Starting from version CS5, the product has introduced the BrowserLab service to check the display of the site in all browsers and supports HTML5.

The program works with files by default hypertext markup HTM, HTML, XHTML. Projects and their elements are saved in their own formats: CSN, DWT, TTY, DWS, EDM. The editor also works with other popular formats that support websites: Asp, Aspx, Css, Java, Jsp, Mht, Php, Rss, Sql, Vbs, Xml, Xsl, Hta, Php and others.

Today there are many HTML editors. Adobe Dreamweaver supports almost all major web technologies. Webstorm cannot work with RSS, and its visual editor gives incorrect code. And it will be easier for a newcomer to understand the Adobe product intuitively. It is inferior to it in terms of ease of interface and NetBeans IDE. This software less demanding on resources, and working with FTP is implemented in a clearer way. Another competitor, Microsoft Expression Web, cannot run on Mac OS.

Which version of Adobe Dreamweaver should I download?

And although the first version of the product was released for Mac OS in 1997, it soon appeared Windows support. Since then, the program has been running on both operating systems. For owners of older computers, we recommend installing version CS6. For its operation, 512 MB of RAM and a Pentium IV level processor will be enough. It will be able to work under XP and Mac OS 10.6. The latest product releases have more serious requirements. They will need 2 GB of RAM and operating system Windows 7/8/10 or Mac OS versions older than 10.10. We offer Adobe Dreamweaver download in portable version, which will make it possible to launch the product immediately, without installation.

Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2015

With this update, the editor has the ability to test finished pages simultaneously on several devices and with different form factors. To develop dynamic websites, we integrated with the Bootstrap platform.

  • editing tables in interactive viewing mode;
  • DOM panel for quickly viewing element properties and navigation;
  • improvements to the CSS designer;
  • Adobe Stock store support.

Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017

The release that appeared in November 2017 highlights a new code editor. The work environment has improved performance and optimized its interface. Now the product has learned to work with the main CSS processors: Less, SCSS and SASS. Preview in the browser is carried out in real time. The new optimized interface has four contrasting themes and a customizable toolbar. There is now access to the Typekit Marketplace font store.

Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2018

On our website you can already download Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2018 torrent. It implements the ability to work with HiDPI monitors in Windows environment. In addition, the program has acquired support for multiple monitors, changing the scale of the document in accordance with the working display. There is improved Git support with checking connections to repositories, saving credentials and searching for required files.

Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2019

The new editor is designed to simplify and speed up the development of web applications and sites. Convenient work environment with code highlighting and built-in frequently used elements makes it easier for the programmer. On the website you can download the latest version of Dreamweaver.

New version got several improvements:

  • integration with the Chromium Embedded Framework - support for the CEF framework, which creates protocol handlers, a wrapper of native functions in space, navigation events, etc. This feature frees up developers' hands in developing HTML5 sites and allows displaying Flexbox elements;
  • JavaScript restructuring – improve the code by refactoring and renaming functions, and the intelligent automation system will remember the actions;
  • working with EcmaScript 6 – the introduction of a new programming language allows you to add and analyze classes, methods and functions source code;
  • Bootstrap 4 support – visual cues when using the framework.

Where can I download Dreamweaver?

On our website you can download Adobe Dreamweaver torrent completely free of charge, without registration, sending SMS and speed limits. We offer everything latest versions product, including ready-made portable assemblies. All installations are checked for viruses. The programs work without freezing and are accompanied by installation documentation.

Need version smaller in size and which can be launched from any media?

Portable Adobe version Dreamweaver - does not require installation, you can use it on any device, run the project directly from a flash drive, external hard disk or other media. The Russian-language interface helps you quickly get used to the program.



Version:
2012
Platform: WINDOWS
Interface language: RUSSIAN

Let's start with good first what throws it new design interface, and now DW is quite similar to most advanced editors.

Unlike the old version, where there was only one interface option, and that, to put it mildly, was not so hot, in the new version we are asked to choose one of 4 preset interface color schemes. The choice of color scheme is provided when you first launch a new version, in the “What's New” screen. Subsequently, the color scheme can be changed in the program settings

Edit > Preferences > Interface

In addition, there are two “code themes” to choose from; to put it simply, these are code highlighting and background. And then the complete mess begins. Firstly, there are only two of them, unlike DW 2015, and secondly, they are both terrible. And the problem is not even what colors are used, but the fact that not all the number of illuminated elements has been reduced by at least 5 times. As a result, the code, especially php, now just looks like a wall of text.

But there is also positive point, and if we can’t do anything about the number of illuminated elements, then fortunately we can fight with the colors themselves, and now it’s better than before.

Unlike older versions of ule, colors were stored in color.xml; in the new version, they were transferred to themes. You can't create new themes, but changing old ones is easy. The theme itself consists of two files.

Topics located in
Program Files\Adobe\Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017\www\extensions\default\DarkTheme\
And
Program Files\Adobe\Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017\www\extensions\default\LightTheme\ accordingly.

So one of the pleasant surprises is that themes from Brackets are suitable for DW 2017. So it won’t be difficult to pump yourself up and choose more suitable ones. For example from this site

Note: if the template does not have a main.less file, then it’s not a problem, you can take the .css file (usually the name of the theme.css) and re-save it into the less form with the name main (main.less)

In addition to the interface change, DW 2017 has other new features. So, for example, now we have two input methods

One of them rewrites the text, the other adds. It is useless to write which one is responsible for what, because it is different every time.

The code hints have also been corrected, and now gas stations finally work quite correctly in PHP. There are also two options for auto-closing tags for, one at the moment you finish entering the opening tag (after entering “>”), the other, as before, at the moment you start entering the closing tag (after entering “

Edit > Preferences > Code Hints

Another somewhat pleasant change is the fix for the “Apply Source Formatting” function, which, by the way, is one of my favorites. The main advantage is that now it works when editing js and php files. But even here there are no jambs.

Firstly, this is formatting. For example, as for me this format for a php function very, very strange

Class hello ( public static function getWolrd() ( return true; ) )

Secondly, the “Apply Source Formatting” function itself is pulled in the wrong direction. Some kind of Anti-formatting is obtained.

These are just some of the changes full list innovations, such as, say, Emmet or additional cursors and a lot more you can read.

As a result, the update turned out to be a C grade. On some forums and boards they wrote that so many imperfections and dampness of the new version were due to the rush to show new versions of the projects at the exhibition in San Diego. But in my opinion, releasing such a crude version for a paid and by no means cheap product is not acceptable.

If you cannot stand all these shortcomings and bugs and want to return the old version, then you can do this in the following way.

That's all I wanted to write about the Dreamweaver 2017 update. Good luck with your coding.



Here is the official one training course using Adobe Dreamweaver CC, part of the famous “Classroom in a Book” series. This full-color book is intended for both beginners and experienced users who want to get the most out of Adobe Dreamweaver. Series of simple, perfectly chosen step by step instructions will allow you to practice all the tools of Adobe Dreamweaver CC.
The disk contains files for lessons. With their help, you will quickly and easily become a true master of working with Adobe Dreamweaver CC.
The Adobe Dreamweaver CC Official Training CD includes the lesson files required to complete the exercises in this book, as well as other information to help you learn and use Adobe reamweaver CC more effectively.

HTML BASICS

You see that new text is not displayed even though you saved the changes. This is because in order to view web pages in a browser, you must first download them to your computer and save them, or cache, on the hard drive. The browser actually displays the web page that was originally loaded. To see the latest version of a web page with all the changes, you need to reload, or refresh, it, this is very important to remember. People often miss changes made to a site because they look at cached pages rather than the latest versions. (If your site will be updated frequently, you can insert a snippet JavaScript code, which will automatically reload the web page each time the browser accesses it.)

Refresh the window to load the modified page. As you can see, the browser displays the new text, but ignores the paragraph between the two lines and the extra spaces. In fact, you could add hundreds of paragraphs between lines and many spaces after each word, and the display in the browser would not change at all. This happens because the browser is programmed to ignore extra white space and only consider HTML code elements. By inserting tags, you can easily change the display of text.

WORKING WITH CASCADING STYLE SHEETS

Working with the CSS Designer panel

In Lesson 4, you used one of the CSS layouts provided by Dreamweaver as a starting point to create a project template. These layouts contain a built-in structure and a whole range of ready-made CSS rules, which define the basic design and format the page components and content. In exercises this lesson you will modify these rules and add new ones to complete the basic design of the website template. But before you continue, you need to understand the existing structure and formatting of the site in order to successfully complete the tasks. This time you will have to take a few minutes to study the rules and understand what role they play in this document.

ADDING ANIMATIONS AND VIDEOS TO A WEB PAGE

Introduction to animation and videos on the World Wide Web

The World Wide Web can provide a very wide range of entertainment for the average user. You download and read a best-selling novel, listen to your favorite radio station or band, watch live TV or feature films. In the past, before the appearance Flash technologies, placing video content and animation on websites has been a difficult task. This is due to the fact that HTML was developed at a time when World Wide Web it was difficult to even use static images. Video content was a distant dream.

Video content and animation were eventually unveiled in various ways, using a mixture of applications, plugins and codecs capable of transmitting data over the Internet to a computer and browser, often with enormous difficulty and compatibility problems. Often a format that worked in one browser was incompatible in another. Applications that worked on Windows did not function on Mac. Many formats required their own players or plugins.

For a while, Flash technology brought order to this chaos. It provided a single platform for creating animation and video content. The Flash project, originally conceived as animation program, changed the World Wide Web forever. A few years ago, this technology made another revolution in the industry, making it easier to add video content to websites. By inserting video content into Flash and saving the files to SWF format or FLV, web designers and developers could take advantage of the program's near ubiquity Flash Player installed on more than 90% of all desktop computers. No more worrying about formats and codecs - the Flash Player app took care of it all.

With the invention and rise in popularity of smartphones and tablets over the past few years, Flash technology has fallen on hard times. For most manufacturers, supporting Flash technology on devices was too much challenging task and had to give it up. However, this technology is still alive. It is still unrivaled in terms of multimedia functionality. But today, the future of animation and video content is unpredictable. Web media creation methods are currently being reinvented. As you can guess, this trend signals the approach of a new era of chaos on the World Wide Web. About a dozen codecs are vying to become the main format for distributing and playing video content on the World Wide Web.

The only consolation is that HTML5 provides support for both animation and video content. Significant strides have already been made to replace much of the power of Flash animation using native HTML5 and CSS3 functionality. With video content, things are not so clear. A single standard has not yet been developed, which means that to support all popular desktop and mobile browsers you will have to create multiple video files various formats. In this tutorial you will learn how to place different types web animation and video content for your website.

Program Adobe product Dreamweaver is designed to develop and launch professional websites. Advanced Technologies developments implemented in Adobe Dreamweaver significantly facilitate most routine operations, performing them in automatic mode. Websites as well network applications, created in this program comply with all industry standards. Working with Adobe Dreamweaver, you get everything required set functions and programs. Full support for the CSS format is complemented by the ability to quickly view the layout in different browsers. This solution greatly simplifies the work of creating a design. Very convenient editor code of web pages speeds up the writing of the site, while immediately indicating possible errors in the code. Adobe Dreamweaver can work with various technologies, fully supports JavaScript, ASP, XML, Adobe ColdFusion and PHP. There is an official add-on that allows you to create Ajax applications. Now you don't need to look for specialized products to get information from RSS, work with databases or create various visual effects at the program level.

In addition to being an excellent environment for developing web projects, Adobe Dreamweaver allows you to test and refine them literally on the fly. Built-in multi-screen viewing allows you to test your sites by rendering in HTML5. Updated service It works faster and is specifically designed for testing resources opened from tablets or smartphones. The rubber layout system will appeal to designers. After all, you can import CSS3 layouts, taking the resource to a fundamentally new level of quality. The built-in testing system will allow you to adjust your rubber layout to any browser or screen resolution without lengthy debugging and writing hundreds of lines of code.

Special mention should be made of the jQuery Mobile module in the Adobe Dreamweaver product. This program will allow you to create mobile applications for Android and iOS devices. The development module is perfectly complemented by Adobe PhoneGap Build, which allows you to build a project and test it on an emulator of various mobile devices. Improved algorithms for working with FTP will save you time when uploading your projects. Use multi-threading for fast loading several different websites or other content at once.

Most recently it was introduced new product for creating websites from Adobe - Dreamweaver CC. The main innovation was the "improved CSS designer", which uses a new color palette and various functions that speed up the visual control and search processes, which leads to a significant reduction in editing time. Also worth noting are interactive highlighting and Live View. You can now create dynamic layouts in visual mode. The updated Dreamweaver CC interface has become easier to understand and master, and workflows are more convenient and faster. Context menus allow you to easily apply settings, which increases the efficiency of the development process. This version editor supports the latest platforms such as PHP 5.4, HTML5, jQuery and jQuery Mobile, as well as content management systems such as WordPress, Joomla! and Drupal. So click download Adobe Dreamweaver CC for free and start using it right now powerful editor website creation.

In June 2015, Adobe showed its new product Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2015, which, like other products from this company, can connect to the Adobe Stock store to search for images. The editor makes it possible to create websites that dynamically adapt to different sizes screen, using built-in integration bootstrap. New interface and code editor customizations, real-time code validation with static source code analysis, and Emmet-enabled autocompletion make coding faster and easier in Dreamweaver. The new function for quick extraction images optimized for the web from Adobe documents Photoshop in PSD format. For the first time, the DOM panel was developed and implemented for easy navigation and editing of HTML page elements. Used real-time color and image previews in Code view and more. All these innovations, coupled with the Russian-language program interface, make website creation fast and convenient. Get this tool It couldn't be easier - click download Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2015 for free and start creating web applications.

November 2016 was marked by the release new Dreamweaver CC 2017, which included many changes and innovations. New editor code, which allows you to create code even faster thanks to a new, more flexible coding engine. Code hints help new users learn HTML languages and CSS. A new developer workspace with improved performance and a streamlined interface makes it faster to load and open files and makes it easier to work with projects. Dreamweaver now supports major CSS preprocessing tools such as SASS, Less, and SCSS. New feature Quick Edit lets you open the built-in CSS editor while working in an HTML file and quickly make changes as needed. Adobe listens to its users and the Dreamweaver interface has been optimized based on thousands of comments. To make the code easier to read and edit, you can select one of four contrast levels, from light to dark. To save time, a real-time preview in the browser and a “Quick Help” function were implemented, displaying help documentation for the web platform with a description CSS properties. You can download Dreamweaver 2017 for free on our website.

Do you need a smaller version that can be run from any media?

Portable version of Adobe Dreamweaver - does not require installation, you can use it on any device, launch the project immediately from a flash drive, external hard drive or other media. The Russian-language interface helps you quickly get used to the program.

for free. Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017- a new version of the program for creating professional websites. Web Design Software Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017 contains an intuitive visual interface for creating and editing websites and mobile applications. Use " rubber models" (Fluid Grid Layouts) with cross-platform support for creating pages. View layouts in the Multi-View panel before publishing. Build author: m0nkrus

Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017 part of Creative Cloud. Therefore, its users have access to everything latest updates, and access to new versions is provided from the moment of their release.

Improve your skills and master new tools with a large and growing collection of training videos. With Behance integration, you can share your designs with other users and get instant feedback on your work from designers around the world.

You can free on this page.

Benefits of Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017

New code editor

Code even faster with a new, more flexible coding engine. Code hints help new users learn HTML, CSS, and other web standards.

And visual aids, such as automatic indentation, code highlighting, and font size, help avoid errors and make code easier to read.


Developer workspace

A new developer workspace with improved performance and a streamlined interface makes it faster to load and open files and makes it easier to work with projects.


CSS preprocessing support

Adobe Dreamweaver now supports major CSS preprocessing tools such as SASS, Less, and SCSS. Features such as full code highlighting, code hints, and compilation help you save time and improve code quality.


Preview in browser in real time

You no longer have to manually refresh the browser page - all changes are immediately displayed on the page.


Editing CSS while working with HTML

The new Quick Edit feature lets you open the built-in CSS editor while working in an HTML file and quickly make changes as needed.


Contextual CSS Documentation

The new Quick Help feature helps you save time by displaying web platform help documentation describing CSS properties directly in Code view.


Multiple cursors for repetitive tasks

You can now write multiple lines of code at once to perform tasks such as creating bulleted lists, or update or change multiple lines at once.


Modern interface

The Adobe Dreamweaver interface has been optimized based on feedback from thousands of users who participated in beta testing. A new, more intuitive, customizable interface provides quick access to menus and panels.

Includes customizable context panel tools, where only the necessary icons are displayed.


UI Color Themes

To make the code easier to read and edit, you can select one of four contrast levels, from light to dark.


Creative Cloud Assets improvements

Back up and restore, annotate, and view version history of all your Creative Cloud assets. Mobile projects, files in Creative Cloud libraries, and assets created in CC desktop apps.


Integration with Typekit Marketplace

Buy fonts from leading designers and use them in your Dreamweaver projects. Typekit supports font synchronization and web technologies, allowing you to access Marketplace fonts from any application and on any device.


And much more

Other improvements: integration with Adobe CreativeSync; improved Find and Replace functionality; Improved code completion for PHP 5.6.

Accelerated creation of new projects; faster switching between files, tabs and views; disaster recovery and much more.

Don't miss the opportunity for free.

Adobe Dreamweaver download. List of changes made

The original 32-bit and 64-bit distributions have been redesigned and combined within the good old installer with the ability to select components and the program interface language.

In the resulting distribution, only Russian and English are saved language packs. Others excluded.

The resulting distribution does not include the installer for the Creative Cloud service, which is required by the original distributions.

A number of original installer files have been replaced with patched ones (hacked by PainteR).

The distribution includes an update for Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017 64-bit to version 17.1.0.9583.

The distribution includes an update for Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017 32-bit to version 17.1.0.9583.

A plug is integrated into the distribution that prevents mandatory installation spy update for Adobe Application Manager to Update 14.

An amendment has been made to the installer to circumvent the problem of conflict between the installed and installed version of the Visual C++ 2015 Redistributable package.

The Crack folder inside the image contains a set of tools and detailed instructions, allowing you to register Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017.

A menu similar to the Box version has been added to the installer. It was made in the image and likeness similar menu for Dreamweaver CS4.

Adobe Dreamweaver download. Treatment procedure

-=Method 1. Keygen =-

1. Run the installation Adobe Dreamweaver

2. Disconnect from the network. To do this, either disconnect network cable from the computer, or programmatically terminate the connection.

Alternatively, to programmatically terminate the connection, find the network connection icon in the system tray next to the clock. Click on it right click mouse, in the pop-up window at the bottom select "Network and Sharing Center" shared access"(Open Network and Sharing Center).

In the window that opens, on the left, click on “Change adapter settings”. In the changed right part of the current window or in the new window that opens, select the icon responsible for your Internet connection. Right-click on it and select Disable.

3. As an administrator, run the Check_Disable.cmd patcher from the Crack\Keygen folder. To do this, right-click on the file and select “Run as Administrator” from the drop-down menu.

4. Launch the installed Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017. You will be prompted to connect to the Adobe Creative Cloud service using your Adobe ID. Click Sign In Later.

In the next window, click "License This Software". After a few seconds, the installer determines that it cannot connect to the network. The corresponding check will be stopped, click "Enter Serial Number".

5. Run the keygen Activation_Keygen.exe from the Crack\Keygen folder. Use it to generate a key for Adobe Dreamweaver CC. Enter it in the appropriate field of the Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017 activation window and click “Next”.

In the next window, click "Sign In Later".
ATTENTION: Either do not close the keygen window until the activation procedure is completed, or save this key somewhere - you will need it later!

6. Accept license agreement, and the program will start. A window will appear on top of the Dreamweaver CC 2017 window (it may appear not the first time, but the next time you start the program). Where, among other things, will there be a link “Can’t connect to the Internet?” (Having trouble connecting to the internet?).

Click on it! In the window that opens, click the “Offline Activation” button. And in the next window there is a button “Generate Request Code”.

7. Return to the keygen Activation_Keygen.exe again and make sure that the key you generated earlier is entered in the Serial field. In the Request field, copy the “Request Code” from the Offline Activation window, replacing it with the inscription “Paste request code here”.

After that, click the GENERATE button, and transfer the resulting result from the Activation field to the “Response Code” field of the Offline Activation window. Click the "Activate" button and complete the program activation.

8. Restore what was previously torn network connection and enjoy the registered version of the product!


-=Method 2. Patch =-

1. Run the installation Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017 (autoplay.exe file) and continue it normally until successful completion.

2. Once installation is complete, run adobe.snr.patch.v2.0-painter.exe from the Crack\Patch folder, select "Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017 (64-Bit)" from the drop-down menu. Or "Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017 (32-Bit)" and click the Patch button.


-=Method 3. Emul =-

1. Run the installation Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017 (autoplay.exe file) and continue it normally until successful completion.

2. When the installation is complete, run the amtemu.v0.9.2-painter.exe patch from the Crack\Emul folder, select “Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017” in the drop-down menu (no need to touch the other settings) and click the Install button.

The patcher will prompt you to specify the location of the file to be patched. The default path for a 32-bit system is:

For a 64-bit system there are two ways:C:\Program Files\Adobe\Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017\amtlib.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Adobe\Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2017\amtlib.dll

ATTENTION: This treatment method completely decouples the program from Adobe Application Manager, Adobe Creative Cloud and other data exchange mechanisms with Adobe servers.

There will be no license validity checks, and the launch speed will increase. But, the use of the program’s online services linked to Adobe servers will also become unavailable.

3. Enjoy the registered version of the product!

Here are three activation paths once you decide and install.

Adobe Dreamweaver download. Installation problems and their resolution

If about 2% of the installation, “Adobe Genuine Software Validation Failure” appears.

Then interrupt the installation and delete the following folder for a 32-bit system: C: \Program Files \Common Files \Adobe \OOBE \PDApp. For a 64-bit system, the folder: C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Adobe\OOBE\PDApp.

After this, run the installation again.


If, due to an error when entering data into the keygen, the serial number to which the product is registered was lost. Then for a 32-bit system, temporarily move the folder somewhere: C: \Program Files \Common Files \Adobe \SLCache. For a 64-bit system, the folder: C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Adobe\SLCache.

After this, launch the product and activate it by specifying the new serial number. At the end of the procedure, return the moved folder to its place WITHOUT replacing the duplicate files. The remaining uncopied takes can be deleted along with the previously saved folder.


If, when starting the program, the message "The program cannot be started because api-ms-win-crt-runtime-l1-1-0.dll is missing on the computer. Try reinstalling the program." (The program can"t start because api-ms-win-crt-runtime-l1-1-0.dll is missing in your computer. Try reinstalling the program to fix this problem.). Then install Windows update under number KB3118401.


If, upon completion of the installation, you received a message that some components were not installed, and the installation log file is empty or missing, then check the full installation log.

It is located on a 32-bit system in the folder: C:\Program Files\Common Files\Adobe\Installers; on a 64-bit system in the folder: C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Adobe\Installers.